---
title: The Nur ad-Din sent his general Shirkuh, and in 1166 Amalric was def… — Damascus · tree and pragmatics
description: The Nur ad-Din sent his general Shirkuh, and in 1166 Amalric was defeated at the Battle of al-Babein. Who acts: Nur ad. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Damascus» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Damascus, sentence 225

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From Wikipedia, [«Damascus»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Nur ad-Din sent his general Shirkuh, and in 1166 Amalric was defeated at the Battle of al-Babein.

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**Who acts:** Nur ad · **What happens:** send, defeat · **To what, where:** general Shirkuh, Amalric, 1166

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Damascus». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nur ad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Damascus:225
# text = The Nur ad-Din sent his general Shirkuh, and in 1166 Amalric was defeated at the Battle of al-Babein.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Nur	Nur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ad	ad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Din	Din	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Shirkuh	Shirkuh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	1166	1166	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	obl	_	_
14	Amalric	Amalric	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Battle	Battle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	al	Al	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Babein	Babein	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the Nur ad | AD's general Shirkuh |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shirkuh=Theme |
| 2 | **defeat** | past · passive |  | Amalric |  | 1166 |  | at the Battle of al | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Damascus», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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