---
title: Air pollution is considered an increasing issue, with contributors i… — Dili · tree and pragmatics
description: Air pollution is considered an increasing issue, with contributors including forest fires, wood-fuelled cooking, and vehicles. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Dili» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Dili, sentence 232

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From Wikipedia, [«Dili»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dili), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Air pollution is considered an increasing issue, with contributors including forest fires, wood-fuelled cooking, and vehicles.

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**What happens:** consider, include, fuell · **To what, where:** Air pollution

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Dili». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Dili:232
# text = Air pollution is considered an increasing issue, with contributors including forest fires, wood-fuelled cooking, and vehicles.
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	pollution	pollution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	considered	consider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	increasing	increasing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	contributors	contributor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	xcomp	_	_
11	including	include	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	case	_	_
12	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	fuelled	fuell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consider** | present · passive |  | Air pollution |  |  |  | a increasing issue *xcomp*; contributors include forest fires and fuelled cooking *xcomp*; vehicles *conj* | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute |
| 2 | **include** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fuell** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | wood *compound* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Dili», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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