---
title: The development of electricity infrastructure since independence has… — Dili · tree and pragmatics
description: The development of electricity infrastructure since independence has significantly reduced electricity costs, which moved from 249c per kilowatt-hour in 2002 to 5c per kilowatt-hour in 2014. Who acts: electricity costs. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Dili» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Dili, sentence 436

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From Wikipedia, [«Dili»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dili), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The development of electricity infrastructure since independence has significantly reduced electricity costs, which moved from 249c per kilowatt-hour in 2002 to 5c per kilowatt-hour in 2014.

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**Who acts:** electricity costs · **What happens:** reduce, move, develop · **To what, where:** development, 249c, electricity infrastructure

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Dili». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (electricity costs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Dili:436
# text = The development of electricity infrastructure since independence has significantly reduced electricity costs, which moved from 249c per kilowatt-hour in 2002 to 5c per kilowatt-hour in 2014.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	since	since	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	significantly	significantly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	reduced	reduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	costs	cost	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	249c	249c	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	15	obl	_	_
18	per	per	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	kilowatt	kilowatt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	2002	2002	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	5c	5c	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	15	obl	_	_
26	per	per	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	kilowatt	kilowatt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | present · perfect · passive |  | the development of electricity infrastructure since independence |  |  |  | electricity costs *obj*; significantly *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2 «NP V NP.patient NP.extent PP.initial\_state PP.result»: subject=Patient cost=Extent |
| 2 | **move** | past | electricity costs |  |  | 249c per kilowatt hour |  | in 2002; to 5c per kilowatt hour; in 2014 | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme from 249c=Source in 2002=Trajectory to 5c=Destination |
| 3 | **develop** |  |  | electricity infrastructure since independence |  |  |  |  | nom development «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Dili», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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