--- title: Dili — English Wikipedia · full text with trees · page 2 description: Wikipedia's «Dili», whole, every sentence with its dependency tree and pragmatics, CC BY-SA 4.0. It begins: Dili (Díli) is the capital and largest city of Timor-Leste. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / Dili # Dili · page 2 From Wikipedia, [«Dili»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dili), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/) **2** [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/3/) [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/4/) [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/5/) Portuguese Timor became a full part of Portugal in 1951, although despite being made citizens of Portugal this did not bring the locals any political power.[105](../../105/ "tree and pragmatics") Governance remained in the control of Lisbon.[106](../../106/ "tree and pragmatics") The Portuguese Overseas Organic Law of 1963 created the first Legislative Council of the territory, which was given some of the powers formerly held by the governor.[107](../../107/ "tree and pragmatics") It also theoretically extended voting rights to the 'uncivilised', although property and tax requirements meant most were still unable to vote.[\[9\]](../../page/5/#ref-9 "note 9")[108](../../108/ "tree and pragmatics") The 1974 [Carnation Revolution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnation_Revolution) in Portugal created immediate change in East Timor, with new political parties forming with the goal of independence from Portugal.[109](../../109/ "tree and pragmatics") Relationships between these new parties was fractious.[110](../../110/ "tree and pragmatics") Some, particularly the [Timorese Democratic Union](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timorese_Democratic_Union) (UDT), advocated union with Indonesia.[\[4\]](../../page/5/#ref-4 "note 4")[111](../../111/ "tree and pragmatics") On 11 August 1975, the UDT initiated a coup.[\[3\]](../../page/5/#ref-3 "note 3")[112](../../112/ "tree and pragmatics") UDT control was limited outside of Dili, and on 20 August the opposing [Fretilin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fretilin) party began its attempt to seize the city.[113](../../113/ "tree and pragmatics") Some houses were set on fire to assist the defence; however, after some days Fretilin succeeded in taking control of the city.[\[19\]](../../page/5/#ref-19 "note 19")[114](../../114/ "tree and pragmatics") The [last Portuguese governor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mário_Lemos_Pires) fled Dili for [Atauro Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atauro_Island) on 26 August, as [the civil war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timorese_civil_war) continued.[\[3\]](../../page/5/#ref-3 "note 3")[\[4\]](../../page/5/#ref-4 "note 4")[115](../../115/ "tree and pragmatics") On 28 November, Fretilin declared independence in a ceremony in Dili.[116](../../116/ "tree and pragmatics") On 7 December, Indonesia [landed paratroopers in the city and amphibious forces to its west](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Dili), as part of an [invasion of East Timor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_invasion_of_East_Timor),[\[19\]](../../page/5/#ref-19 "note 19") leading many to flee the city.[\[20\]](../../page/5/#ref-20 "note 20")[117](../../117/ "tree and pragmatics") This invasion brought the territory under Indonesian rule.[118](../../118/ "tree and pragmatics") On 17 July 1976, Indonesia annexed East Timor, which it designated its [27th province](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor_%28Indonesian_province%29).[\[4\]](../../page/5/#ref-4 "note 4")[119](../../119/ "tree and pragmatics") Indonesia continued to administer the territory from Dili, continuing formerly Portuguese use of places such as the [Balide Comarca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balide_Comarca) prison and [Lahane Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahane_Hospital).[\[21\]](../../page/5/#ref-21 "note 21")[120](../../120/ "tree and pragmatics") Despite Indonesian attempts to restrict rural-urban migration, the population of Dili continued to grow, reaching 80,000 people in 1985, and over 100,000 in 1999, and economic growth for the territory remained centred in Dili.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[121](../../121/ "tree and pragmatics") Part of the internal migration was due to people fleeing the continuing conflict in rural areas.[\[18\]](../../page/5/#ref-18 "note 18")[\[21\]](../../page/5/#ref-21 "note 21")[122](../../122/ "tree and pragmatics") Indonesia developed the city's infrastructure, partly as an attempt to win over the population.[123](../../123/ "tree and pragmatics") Structures and monuments built during this time include the [Immaculate Conception Cathedral](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conception_Cathedral,_Dili), the Integration Statue commemorating the end of Portuguese rule, and the [Cristo Rei of Dili](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristo_Rei_of_Dili).[\[22\]](../../page/5/#ref-22 "note 22")[124](../../124/ "tree and pragmatics") Nonetheless, many in the city continued to support the Fretilin-led resistance, providing a communications link between the rebels and the rest of the world, and setting up safe houses in the city.[125](../../125/ "tree and pragmatics") Others who supported Indonesian rule became informants, known as mau'hu.[\[21\]](../../page/5/#ref-21 "note 21")[126](../../126/ "tree and pragmatics") By the 1990s, urban sprawl had taken up much of the available flat land around the original settlement.[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[127](../../127/ "tree and pragmatics") In the 1980s, resistance to Indonesian rule grew among youth in the city.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[128](../../128/ "tree and pragmatics") Nonetheless, towards the end of the decade Indonesia began allowing foreign tourists access to the city, with the entire province previously being restricted.[\[7\]](../../page/5/#ref-7 "note 7")[129](../../129/ "tree and pragmatics") A visit by [Pope John Paul II](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II) in 1989 was interrupted by independence activists.[\[4\]](../../page/5/#ref-4 "note 4")[\[23\]](../../page/5/#ref-23 "note 23")[130](../../130/ "tree and pragmatics") On 12 November 1991, Indonesian forces were filmed [shooting at a funeral procession](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Cruz_massacre).[131](../../131/ "tree and pragmatics") This led to global condemnation of Indonesia's rule in East Timor, increasing pressure for East Timorese self-determination.[\[3\]](../../page/5/#ref-3 "note 3")[132](../../132/ "tree and pragmatics") The [1997 Asian financial crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis) along with a drought related to an [El Niño](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Niño) event led to profound food insecurity, worse for Dili than any other city in Indonesia.[133](../../133/ "tree and pragmatics") The crisis also precipitated the [resignation of Indonesian President Suharto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Suharto), whose successor, [B. J. Habibie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._J._Habibie), soon approved a referendum on East Timorese independence.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[134](../../134/ "tree and pragmatics") Outbreaks of violence from pro-Indonesian militia occurred throughout the country in the months leading up to the vote.[\[4\]](../../page/5/#ref-4 "note 4")[135](../../135/ "tree and pragmatics") In August 1999, East Timor [voted for independence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_independence_referendum).[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[136](../../136/ "tree and pragmatics") The vote led to a [period of extreme violence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis), as pro-Indonesian militia were unchecked by the Indonesian military that was meant to be providing security.[137](../../137/ "tree and pragmatics") On 4 September, when the result was announced, Indonesian police began to leave Dili.[\[24\]](../../page/5/#ref-24 "note 24")[138](../../138/ "tree and pragmatics") In the first 48 hours, international media organisations present in the city reported 145 deaths.[139](../../139/ "tree and pragmatics") Most foreigners were evacuated.[\[4\]](../../page/5/#ref-4 "note 4")[140](../../140/ "tree and pragmatics") Violence continued for several days,[\[24\]](../../page/5/#ref-24 "note 24") causing significant damage to infrastructure and housing in the city.[\[3\]](../../page/5/#ref-3 "note 3")[\[25\]](../../page/5/#ref-25 "note 25")[141](../../141/ "tree and pragmatics") Administrative buildings were looted,[\[26\]](../../page/5/#ref-26 "note 26") and much of the city was destroyed by fire.[142](../../142/ "tree and pragmatics") 120,000 people became refugees.[\[27\]](../../page/5/#ref-27 "note 27")[143](../../143/ "tree and pragmatics") International pressure grew for an international peacekeeping force to replace the Indonesian military, which Indonesia agreed to on 12 September.[144](../../144/ "tree and pragmatics") On 14 September, the UN evacuated refugees that had been sheltering in its Dili compound to Australia.[145](../../145/ "tree and pragmatics") The Australian-led [International Force East Timor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Force_East_Timor) arrived on 20 September.[\[24\]](../../page/5/#ref-24 "note 24")[146](../../146/ "tree and pragmatics") ### Growth under UN rule and independence Dili continued to grow under UN rule.[147](../../147/ "tree and pragmatics") As Indonesian infrastructure investment outside of Dili was not replicated by the UN government, leaving it to deteriorate, population growth was driven in part due to internal migration from these areas to the city.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[148](../../148/ "tree and pragmatics") Housing left abandoned by Indonesians in 1999 was occupied by squatters.[149](../../149/ "tree and pragmatics") This was most common in the western areas of the city.[\[28\]](../../page/5/#ref-28 "note 28")[150](../../150/ "tree and pragmatics") Most inward migration during this period was from eastern areas of the country.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[151](../../151/ "tree and pragmatics") Population growth combined with a poor economy led to an increase of urban poverty and unemployment, especially amongst youth.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[152](../../152/ "tree and pragmatics") This was despite the city reaping 80% of the economic benefits of reconstruction efforts; 65% of direct jobs created by the UN were in Dili, a figure that rose to 80% when including indirect jobs.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[153](../../153/ "tree and pragmatics") Following the beginning of UN rule, the population of Dili grew by over 10% annually.[154](../../154/ "tree and pragmatics") This was a result of both rural-urban migration, and a baby boom driven by the country having the highest fertility rate in the world.[155](../../155/ "tree and pragmatics") By 2004, the population had reached 173,541 people,[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1") with unemployment at 26.9% overall, and 43.4% for men aged 15–29.[156](../../156/ "tree and pragmatics") Around half of employment for these young men was informal.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[157](../../157/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2005 a new urban master plan was developed by a group based in the Faculty of Architecture of the [Technical University of Lisbon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_University_of_Lisbon).[\[18\]](../../page/5/#ref-18 "note 18")[158](../../158/ "tree and pragmatics") Issues with food security reoccurred periodically throughout the early years of independence.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[159](../../159/ "tree and pragmatics") From 1990 to 2014, agricultural use of the flat land around Dili is thought to have decreased by around 40%, replaced by [horticulture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horticulture) and [aquaculture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaculture) in the east and by urban areas in the west.[160](../../160/ "tree and pragmatics") Wetlands have also further decreased, drained and built upon.[\[29\]](../../page/5/#ref-29 "note 29")[161](../../161/ "tree and pragmatics") By 2006, Dili produced half of the country's non-oil GDP.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[162](../../162/ "tree and pragmatics") It was also receiving two-thirds of government expenditure, and 80% of goods and services.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[163](../../163/ "tree and pragmatics") However, economic benefits were distributed unequally.[164](../../164/ "tree and pragmatics") 1999 saw the end of Indonesian subsidises of core food products, which alongside infrastructure destruction led to rapid inflation.[165](../../165/ "tree and pragmatics") Under UN rule, the use of the US dollar and the purchasing power of international organisations led to price increases.[166](../../166/ "tree and pragmatics") Together, these factors led to extremely high costs of living.[167](../../167/ "tree and pragmatics") Electricity cost four times as much as it did in Indonesia, averaging $15 per household.[168](../../168/ "tree and pragmatics") Telecommunications and petrol similarly grew in price compared to Indonesia.[169](../../169/ "tree and pragmatics") By 2006 Dili had the eighth-highest living costs of any city in Asia, despite the country's having Asia's lowest GDP.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[170](../../170/ "tree and pragmatics") At this point, the city had around 300 youth groups, some of which were involved in the [informal economy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informal_economy).[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[171](../../171/ "tree and pragmatics") These groups, driven by unemployment, were often connected to former guerrillas and current politicians.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[172](../../172/ "tree and pragmatics") Many developed identities reflecting the regional origins of their members, especially with regards to the broad distinction between those from the east and those from the west.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[173](../../173/ "tree and pragmatics") In April 2006, disputes within the military between a leadership mostly from the east of the country and soldiers mostly from the west spilled over into [street violence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_East_Timor_crisis) in Dili.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[174](../../174/ "tree and pragmatics") Disputes over housing, again mostly between groups from the east and west, contributed to property destruction.[\[30\]](../../page/5/#ref-30 "note 30")[175](../../175/ "tree and pragmatics") Most of the 150,000 people displaced were from Dili,[\[31\]](../../page/5/#ref-31 "note 31") including about half of the city's residents.[\[31\]](../../page/5/#ref-31 "note 31")[176](../../176/ "tree and pragmatics") Around 72,000 people ended up in camps, while 80,000 fled to rural areas.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[177](../../177/ "tree and pragmatics") Rice prices in the city increased by half by October 2006, and then almost doubled again by February 2007.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[178](../../178/ "tree and pragmatics") Foreign military intervention was needed to restore order.[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1")[179](../../179/ "tree and pragmatics") A National Recovery Strategy was put in place following the [2007 national election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_East_Timorese_parliamentary_election) to return these people.[\[31\]](../../page/5/#ref-31 "note 31")[180](../../180/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2008, around 30,000 people displaced from Dili remained in camps, while 70,000 continued to live with friends or family.[\[20\]](../../page/5/#ref-20 "note 20")[181](../../181/ "tree and pragmatics") Continuing unrest led to the [attempted assassinations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_East_Timorese_assassination_attempts) of the country's president and prime minister.[\[22\]](../../page/5/#ref-22 "note 22")[182](../../182/ "tree and pragmatics") By 2009 most displaced people had returned to the city, and the camps were officially closed by the end of the year.[183](../../183/ "tree and pragmatics") However, some community tensions remained.[\[31\]](../../page/5/#ref-31 "note 31")[\[20\]](../../page/5/#ref-20 "note 20")[184](../../184/ "tree and pragmatics") In a couple of areas, there were two or three fights a week between opposing youth groups.[\[31\]](../../page/5/#ref-31 "note 31")[185](../../185/ "tree and pragmatics") Nonetheless, large-scale violence did not return.[186](../../186/ "tree and pragmatics") Mediation teams were utilised to assist in the resettlement of some displaced people to their previous homes.[\[20\]](../../page/5/#ref-20 "note 20")[187](../../187/ "tree and pragmatics") In May 2009, the year-long Dili City of Peace campaign was launched by [Jose Ramos-Horta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Ramos-Horta).[188](../../188/ "tree and pragmatics") The initiative was created to build unity and prevent violence, with the [2006 East Timorese crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_East_Timorese_crisis) in mind.[189](../../189/ "tree and pragmatics") The campaign included dialogues between different sectors of Timorese society, a cycling tour, a Dili marathon, and a reforestation initiative.[\[32\]](../../page/5/#ref-32 "note 32")[\[33\]](../../page/5/#ref-33 "note 33")[190](../../190/ "tree and pragmatics") Focusing the peace campaign on Dili reflects the influence it has on the entire country, with the government expecting its impacts would extend beyond the city itself.[\[34\]](../../page/5/#ref-34 "note 34")[191](../../191/ "tree and pragmatics") The Latelek (Bridge) Project was instituted from 2010 to 2012 by some organs of the Catholic Church to improve community cohesion, reintegrating previously displaced individuals with those who had remained.[\[31\]](../../page/5/#ref-31 "note 31")[192](../../192/ "tree and pragmatics") Other programs were initiated by the government and NGOs to tackle issues such as skills development, youth engagement, and women's empowerment.[193](../../193/ "tree and pragmatics") Some sucos developed community laws to reduce violence.[\[31\]](../../page/5/#ref-31 "note 31")[194](../../194/ "tree and pragmatics") The development of the city since independence has led to many sites being replaced or repurposed.[195](../../195/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2009 the area around the Indonesian-built Integration Monument was redesignated as the 5 May Park, the date upon which it was agreed East Timor could hold its independence referendum.[196](../../196/ "tree and pragmatics") A 1960s hotel, Hotel Turismo, which had been a site of independence activities, was demolished in 2010 and rebuilt.[197](../../197/ "tree and pragmatics") The former Dili regency police headquarters has been demolished and replaced by the cultural centre of the Indonesian embassy.[\[21\]](../../page/5/#ref-21 "note 21")[198](../../198/ "tree and pragmatics") By 2010 the municipal population reached 234,026 people,[\[34\]](../../page/5/#ref-34 "note 34") of which 210,250 lived in urban areas.[\[35\]](../../page/5/#ref-35 "note 35")[199](../../199/ "tree and pragmatics") In 2018 the population reached 281,000 people.[\[36\]](../../page/5/#ref-36 "note 36")[200](../../200/ "tree and pragmatics") During a period of [COVID-19 restrictions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Timor-Leste), the city was hit by the worst flood in 50 years in April 2021.[\[37\]](../../page/5/#ref-37 "note 37")[201](../../201/ "tree and pragmatics") ## Geography Dili lies on the northern coast of the island of [Timor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor), which is among the eastern [Lesser Sunda Islands](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands)[\[38\]](../../page/5/#ref-38 "note 38") and lies in the [UTC+9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC+9) timezone.[\[36\]](../../page/5/#ref-36 "note 36")[202](../../202/ "tree and pragmatics") Offshore is the [Ombai Strait](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombai_Strait) of the [Savu Sea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savu_Sea).[\[11\]](../../page/5/#ref-11 "note 11")[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[203](../../203/ "tree and pragmatics") To the south is the central mountain range running through Timor,[\[1\]](../../page/5/#ref-1 "note 1") which extends north to the coast on the west and east surrounding the core city.[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[204](../../204/ "tree and pragmatics") The underlying ground is predominately [limestone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone) and [marine clay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_clay).[\[39\]](../../page/5/#ref-39 "note 39")[205](../../205/ "tree and pragmatics") The precise location of the city is around 8°35′S, 125°36′E.[\[36\]](../../page/5/#ref-36 "note 36") The city lies mostly within the larger [Dili Municipality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dili_Municipality), whose total area was 367 km2[\[39\]](../../page/5/#ref-39 "note 39") when including [Atauro Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atauro_Island), north of Dili, which was formerly part of the municipality[\[11\]](../../page/5/#ref-11 "note 11") before becoming a separate municipality on 1 January 2022.[\[40\]](../../page/5/#ref-40 "note 40")[206](../../206/ "tree and pragmatics") The municipalities bordering Dili are [Aileu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aileu_Municipality), [Liquiçá](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquiçá_Municipality), and [Manatuto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manatuto_Municipality).[\[11\]](../../page/5/#ref-11 "note 11")[207](../../207/ "tree and pragmatics") The municipality contains 31 sucos, divided into 241 aldeias.[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[\[41\]](../../page/5/#ref-41 "note 41")[208](../../208/ "tree and pragmatics") The urban area of the city of Dili extends through four of the Dili Municipality's Administrative Posts, [Cristo Rei](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristo_Rei_Administrative_Post), [Dom Aleixo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Aleixo_Administrative_Post), [Nain Feto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nain_Feto), and [Vera Cruz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vera_Cruz_Administrative_Post).[209](../../209/ "tree and pragmatics") 18 sucos within these are considered urban, and this urban area is perhaps 48 km2 large.[\[29\]](../../page/5/#ref-29 "note 29")[210](../../210/ "tree and pragmatics") The wider urban area extends west into the [Tibar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibar) suco of the [Bazartete Administrative Post](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazartete_Administrative_Post) in the [Liquiçá Municipality](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquiçá_Municipality).[211](../../211/ "tree and pragmatics") The combined area of all sucos within the urban region is 17862 ha,[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17") however this includes terrain considered too steep for habitation,[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17") with only perhaps 37%, or 6698 ha, flat enough for development.[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[212](../../212/ "tree and pragmatics") As of 2014, only 25.5% of the total area was developed.[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[213](../../213/ "tree and pragmatics") The main city lies within an area of flat lowlands of less than 100m altitude,[\[39\]](../../page/5/#ref-39 "note 39") mostly between 0 and 60m,[\[29\]](../../page/5/#ref-29 "note 29") and a slope under 15 degrees.[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[214](../../214/ "tree and pragmatics") This includes an [alluvial plain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_plain), and a number of beaches line the coast.[\[6\]](../../page/5/#ref-6 "note 6")[215](../../215/ "tree and pragmatics") The soil underneath this plain is [quaternary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary) [alluvium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvium).[\[29\]](../../page/5/#ref-29 "note 29")[216](../../216/ "tree and pragmatics") The distance between the sea and the mountains reaches a maximum width of only 4 km,[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17") and the surrounding mountains slope near the city at angles of 20 degrees or higher.[\[39\]](../../page/5/#ref-39 "note 39")[217](../../217/ "tree and pragmatics") On either side of the core urban area are mountain ridges extending from the southern range to the coast, leading to urban development spilling over onto areas of flat land on the other sides of these [spurs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spur_%28topography%29).[218](../../218/ "tree and pragmatics") Tibar lies on the opposite site of the western range, while Hera lies on the opposite side of the eastern range.[\[17\]](../../page/5/#ref-17 "note 17")[219](../../219/ "tree and pragmatics") Another spur encloses Hera on its east.[\[42\]](../../page/5/#ref-42 "note 42")[220](../../220/ "tree and pragmatics") [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/) **2** [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/3/) [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/4/) [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/5/) - ← previous: [page 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/) - next →: [page 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Dili/page/3/) - ↑ back to [English Wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/)