---
title: In December 2008, Correa declared Ecuador's national debt illegitima… — Ecuador · tree and pragmatics
description: In December 2008, Correa declared Ecuador's national debt illegitimate, based on the argument that it was odious debt contracted by prior corrupt and despotic regimes. Who acts: Correa, illegitimate. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ecuador» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Ecuador, sentence 182

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From Wikipedia, [«Ecuador»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuador), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In December 2008, Correa declared Ecuador's national debt illegitimate, based on the argument that it was odious debt contracted by prior corrupt and despotic regimes.

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**Who acts:** Correa, illegitimate · **What happens:** declare, base, be, contract · **To what, where:** national debt illegitimate, argument, odious debt

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ecuador». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Correa, illegitimate), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ecuador:182
# text = In December 2008, Correa declared Ecuador's national debt illegitimate, based on the argument that it was odious debt contracted by prior corrupt and despotic regimes.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	December	December	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	2008	2008	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
5	Correa	Correa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Ecuador	Ecuador	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	illegitimate	illegitimate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	odious	odious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
22	contracted	contract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
24	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
25	corrupt	corrupt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	despotic	despotic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	_
28	regimes	regime	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | Correa | Ecuador's national debt illegitimate |  |  | december |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent illegitimate=Attribute |
| 2 | **base** | participle |  | Ecuador's national debt illegitimate *not said here* |  | the argument |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on argument=Source |
| 3 | **is a** | past | illegitimate | odious debt |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **contract** | participle |  | odious debt *not said here* |  |  |  | by prior corrupt regimes | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ecuador», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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