---
title: Since the late 1960s, the exploitation of oil increased production,… — Ecuador · tree and pragmatics
description: Since the late 1960s, the exploitation of oil increased production, and proven reserves are estimated at 6.51 billion barrels as of 2011. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ecuador» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Ecuador, sentence 379

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From Wikipedia, [«Ecuador»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuador), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Since the late 1960s, the exploitation of oil increased production, and proven reserves are estimated at 6.51 billion barrels as of 2011.

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**What happens:** increase, prove, estimate, exploit · **To what, where:** proven reserves, billion barrels, increased production, oil

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ecuador». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ecuador:379
# text = Since the late 1960s, the exploitation of oil increased production, and proven reserves are estimated at 6.51 billion barrels as of 2011.
1	Since	since	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	1960s	1960s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	exploitation	exploitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	increased	increase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	production	production	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	proven	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	reserves	reserve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	6.51	6.51	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	compound	_	_
20	billion	billion	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	barrels	barrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	24	case	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	fixed	_	_
24	2011	2011	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **prove** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **estimate** | present · passive |  | proven reserves |  | billion barrels |  | as 2011 | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: subject=Attribute at barrel=Value |
| 5 | **exploit** |  |  | oil |  |  |  |  | nom exploitation «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ecuador», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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