---
title: Alvarado described the Cuzcatlec soldiers as having shields decorate… — El Salvador · tree and pragmatics
description: Alvarado described the Cuzcatlec soldiers as having shields decorated with colourful exotic feathers, a vest-like armour made of three inch cotton which arrows could not penetrate, and long spears. Who acts: Alvarado, arrows. A sentence of Wikipedia's «El Salvador» with its dependency tree and pragm
---

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# El Salvador, sentence 63

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From Wikipedia, [«El Salvador»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Salvador), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Alvarado described the Cuzcatlec soldiers as having shields decorated with colourful exotic feathers, a vest-like armour made of three inch cotton which arrows could not penetrate, and long spears.

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**Who acts:** Alvarado, arrows · **What happens:** describe, have, decorate, make, not penetrate · **To what, where:** Cuzcatlec soldiers, shields, like armour

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «El Salvador». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alvarado, arrows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:El_Salvador:63
# text = Alvarado described the Cuzcatlec soldiers as having shields decorated with colourful exotic feathers, a vest-like armour made of three inch cotton which arrows could not penetrate, and long spears.
1	Alvarado	Alvarado	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	described	describe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Cuzcatlec	Cuzcatlec	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	shields	shield	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	decorated	decorate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	colourful	colourful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	exotic	exotic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
16	vest	vest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	armour	armour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
20	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
23	inch	inch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	cotton	cotton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obj	_	_
26	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
27	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	penetrate	penetrate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | past | Alvarado | the Cuzcatlec soldiers |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent soldier=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | Alvarado *not said here* | shields and a like armour |  |  |  | long spears *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shield=Patient |
| 3 | **decorate** | participle |  | shields and a like armour *not said here* |  |  |  | with colourful exotic feathers | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with feather=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | participle |  | a like armour *not said here* |  |  |  | of three inch cotton | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 5 | **not** **penetrate** | could | arrows | shields and a like armour |  |  |  |  | vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «El Salvador», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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