---
title: President Isaias Afwerki has regularly expressed his disdain for wha… — Eritrea · tree and pragmatics
description: President Isaias Afwerki has regularly expressed his disdain for what he refers to as "Western-style" democracy. Who acts: Isaias. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Eritrea» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Eritrea, sentence 239

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From Wikipedia, [«Eritrea»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritrea), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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President Isaias Afwerki has regularly expressed his disdain for what he refers to as "Western-style" democracy.

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**Who acts:** Isaias · **What happens:** express, refer to, disdain · **To what, where:** Isaias

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Eritrea». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Isaias), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Eritrea:239
# text = President Isaias Afwerki has regularly expressed his disdain for what he refers to as "Western-style" democracy.
1	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:desc	_	_
2	Isaias	Isaias	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	Afwerki	Afwerki	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	regularly	regularly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	expressed	express	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	disdain	disdain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	obl	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	refers	refer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	style	style	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	democracy	democracy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **express** | present · perfect · passive |  | Isaias  President |  |  |  | Isaias's disdain *obj*; what *obl*; regularly *property* | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Destination disdain=Theme |
| 2 | **refer to** | present | Isaias |  |  |  |  | as style democracy | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **disdain** |  | Isaias |  |  |  |  |  | nom disdain «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Eritrea», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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