---
title: Archaeological estimates place the population within Estonian territ… — Estonia · tree and pragmatics
description: Archaeological estimates place the population within Estonian territory at c. 10,000 inhabitants in 2000 BC, growing from c. 6000 in around 3900 BC. Who acts: 10,000 inhabitants. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Estonia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Estonia, sentence 28

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From Wikipedia, [«Estonia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Archaeological estimates place the population within Estonian territory at c. 10,000 inhabitants in 2000 BC, growing from c. 6000 in around 3900 BC.

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**Who acts:** 10,000 inhabitants · **What happens:** grow · **To what, where:** c.

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (10,000 inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Estonia:28
# text = Archaeological estimates place the population within Estonian territory at c. 10,000 inhabitants in 2000 BC, growing from c. 6000 in around 3900 BC.
1	Archaeological	archaeological	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	estimates	estimate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	compound	_	_
3	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Estonian	Estonian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	territory	territory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	c.	c.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	10,000	10000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	2000	2000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nmod	_	_
15	BC	BC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	c.	c.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	6000	6000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	flat	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	around	around	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	3900	3900	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	obl	_	_
24	BC	BC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | gerund | 10,000 inhabitants in 2000  BC *not said here* |  |  | c. |  | in 3900  BC | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 3900=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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