---
title: The Livonian Order was decisively defeated in 1560. — Estonia · tree and pragmatics
description: The Livonian Order was decisively defeated in 1560. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Estonia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Estonia, sentence 74

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From Wikipedia, [«Estonia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Livonian Order was decisively defeated in 1560.

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**What happens:** defeat · **To what, where:** Livonian Order, 1560

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Estonia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Estonia:74
# text = The Livonian Order was decisively defeated in 1560.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Livonian	Livonian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Order	Order	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	decisively	decisively	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1560	1560	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **defeat** | past · passive |  | the Livonian Order |  | 1560 |  | decisively *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Estonia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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