---
title: He had signed the Treaty of Wuchale with Italy in May 1889, by which… — Ethiopia · tree and pragmatics
description: He had signed the Treaty of Wuchale with Italy in May 1889, by which Italy would recognise Ethiopia's sovereignty so long as Italy could control an area north of Ethiopia (now part of modern Eritrea). Who acts: Menelik, Italy. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ethiopia» with its dependency tree and pragmat
---

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# Ethiopia, sentence 142

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From Wikipedia, [«Ethiopia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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He had signed the Treaty of Wuchale with Italy in May 1889, by which Italy would recognise Ethiopia's sovereignty so long as Italy could control an area north of Ethiopia (now part of modern Eritrea).

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**Who acts:** Menelik, Italy · **What happens:** sign, recognise, control · **To what, where:** Treaty, sovereignty, area

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ethiopia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Menelik, Italy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ethiopia:142
# text = He had signed the Treaty of Wuchale with Italy in May 1889, by which Italy would recognise Ethiopia's sovereignty so long as Italy could control an area north of Ethiopia (now part of modern Eritrea).
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	signed	sign	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Treaty	Treaty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Wuchale	Wuchale	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	May	May	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
12	1889	1889	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obl	_	_
16	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	recognise	recognise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
19	Ethiopia	Ethiopia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	18	advmod	_	_
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	control	control	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	advcl	_	_
28	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	north	north	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Ethiopia	Ethiopia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
33	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	35	advmod	_	_
35	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	parataxis	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	Eritrea	Eritrea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past · perfect | Menelik |  | the Treaty of Wuchale |  | may | with Italy | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent treaty=Destination with italy=Theme |
| 2 | **recognise** | would | Italy | Ethiopia's sovereignty |  |  |  | which *obl*; part of modern Eritrea *parataxis*; long *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sovereignty=Stimulus |
| 3 | **control** | could | Italy | a area |  |  |  | north *property* | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ethiopia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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