---
title: In 1936, Italy annexed Ethiopia, building infrastructure to connect… — Ethiopia · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1936, Italy annexed Ethiopia, building infrastructure to connect major cities, and a dam providing power and water. Who acts: Italy, dam. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ethiopia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Ethiopia, sentence 400

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From Wikipedia, [«Ethiopia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1936, Italy annexed Ethiopia, building infrastructure to connect major cities, and a dam providing power and water.

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**Who acts:** Italy, dam · **What happens:** annex, build, connect, provide · **To what, where:** Ethiopia, 1936, infrastructure, major cities, power

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ethiopia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Italy, dam), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ethiopia:400
# text = In 1936, Italy annexed Ethiopia, building infrastructure to connect major cities, and a dam providing power and water.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1936	1936	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	annexed	annex	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Ethiopia	Ethiopia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	building	build	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
9	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	connect	connect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
12	major	major	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dam	dam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	providing	provide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
19	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **annex** | past | Italy | Ethiopia |  | 1936 |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ethiopia=Theme |
| 2 | **build** | gerund | Italy *not said here* | infrastructure |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset infrastructure=Product |
| 3 | **connect** | to-infinitive | Italy *not said here* | major cities |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Patient |
| 4 | **provide** | gerund | a dam | power and water |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition power=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ethiopia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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