---
title: However, in the hope of preserving Finland's independence, the Unite… — Finland · tree and pragmatics
description: However, in the hope of preserving Finland's independence, the United States provided secret development aid and supported the Social Democratic Party. Who acts: hope, United States. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Finland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Finland, sentence 149

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From Wikipedia, [«Finland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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However, in the hope of preserving Finland's independence, the United States provided secret development aid and supported the Social Democratic Party.

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**Who acts:** hope, United States · **What happens:** preserve, provide, support · **To what, where:** independence, secret development aid, hope, Social Democratic Party

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Finland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hope, United States), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Finland:149
# text = However, in the hope of preserving Finland's independence, the United States provided secret development aid and supported the Social Democratic Party.
1	However	however	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	preserving	preserve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	Finland	Finland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	provided	provide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	supported	support	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	Social	Social	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	Democratic	Democratic	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	Party	Party	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preserve** | gerund | the hope *not said here* | Finland's independence |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **provide** | past | the United States | secret development aid |  | the hope |  | however *property* | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition aid=Theme |
| 3 | **support** | past | the United States *not said here* | the Social Democratic Party |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer party=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Finland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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