---
title: Finland had, for most of its independence a semi-presidential system… — Finland · tree and pragmatics
description: Finland had, for most of its independence a semi-presidential system of government, but in the last few decades the powers of the president have become more circumscribed, and consequently the country is now considered a parliamentary republic. Who acts: Finland, powers. A sentence of Wikipedia's «F
---

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# Finland, sentence 258

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From Wikipedia, [«Finland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Finland had, for most of its independence a semi-presidential system of government, but in the last few decades the powers of the president have become more circumscribed, and consequently the country is now considered a parliamentary republic.

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**Who acts:** Finland, powers · **What happens:** have, become, circumscribe, consider · **To what, where:** country

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Finland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Finland, powers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Finland:258
# text = Finland had, for most of its independence a semi-presidential system of government, but in the last few decades the powers of the president have become more circumscribed, and consequently the country is now considered a parliamentary republic.
1	Finland	Finland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	semi-presidential	semi-presidential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	decades	decade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
26	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
28	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	29	advmod	_	_
29	circumscribed	circumscribe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
32	consequently	consequently	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj:pass	_	_
35	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux:pass	_	_
36	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	37	advmod	_	_
37	considered	consider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	republic	republic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Finland |  |  |  |  | a semi-presidential system of government *conj* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **become** | present · perfect | the powers of the president |  |  |  | decade |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **circumscribe** | participle | the powers of the president *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **consider** | present · passive |  | the country |  |  | now | a parliamentary republic *xcomp*; consequently *property* | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Finland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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