---
title: Obesity in Germany has been increasingly cited as a major health iss… — Germany · tree and pragmatics
description: Obesity in Germany has been increasingly cited as a major health issue: a 2014 study showed that 52 percent of the adult German population was overweight or obese. Who acts: 2014 study, 52 percent. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Germany» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Germany, sentence 331

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From Wikipedia, [«Germany»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Obesity in Germany has been increasingly cited as a major health issue: a 2014 study showed that 52 percent of the adult German population was overweight or obese.

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**Who acts:** 2014 study, 52 percent · **What happens:** cite, show, be · **To what, where:** Obesity · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Germany». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (2014 study, 52 percent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Germany:331
# text = Obesity in Germany has been increasingly cited as a major health issue: a 2014 study showed that 52 percent of the adult German population was overweight or obese.
1	Obesity	obesity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	increasingly	increasingly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	cited	cite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	major	major	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
19	52	52	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	German	German	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	overweight	overweight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	ccomp	_	_
28	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	obese	obese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cite** | present · perfect · passive |  | Obesity in Germany |  |  |  | as a major health issue; increasingly *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme as issue=Attribute |
| 2 | **show** | past | a 2014 study |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | 52 percent of the adult German population |  |  |  |  | overweight *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  | 52 percent of the adult German population *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Germany», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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