---
title: In 2026 further laws were introduced creating a duty to report homos… — Ghana · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2026 further laws were introduced creating a duty to report homosexual acts and to criminalise "supporters" of LGBTQ+ people. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ghana» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Ghana, sentence 168

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From Wikipedia, [«Ghana»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2026 further laws were introduced creating a duty to report homosexual acts and to criminalise "supporters" of LGBTQ+ people.

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**What happens:** introduce, create, report, criminalise · **To what, where:** further laws, 2026, duty, homosexual acts, supporters

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ghana». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ghana:168
# text = In 2026 further laws were introduced creating a duty to report homosexual acts and to criminalise "supporters" of LGBTQ+ people.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2026	2026	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
3	further	further	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	creating	create	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	duty	duty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	report	report	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl	_	_
12	homosexual	homosexual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	acts	act	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	criminalise	criminalise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	supporters	supporter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	LGBTQ	LGBTQ	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	23	cc	_	_
23	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **introduce** | past · passive |  | further laws |  | 2026 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **create** | gerund |  | a duty |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duty=Result |
| 3 | **report** | to-infinitive |  | homosexual acts |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent act=Patient |
| 4 | **criminalise** | to-infinitive |  | supporters of LGBTQ + people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ghana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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