---
title: The earliest kingdoms to emerge in Ghana were Bonoman in the south a… — Ghana · tree and pragmatics
description: The earliest kingdoms to emerge in Ghana were Bonoman in the south and the Kingdom of Dagbon in the north, with Bonoman existing in the area during the 11th century. Who acts: earliest kingdoms, Bonoman. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ghana» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ghana/56/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Ghana](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ghana/) / 56

# Ghana, sentence 56

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«Ghana»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The earliest kingdoms to emerge in Ghana were Bonoman in the south and the Kingdom of Dagbon in the north, with Bonoman existing in the area during the 11th century.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** earliest kingdoms, Bonoman · **What happens:** emerge, be, exist · **To what, where:** Ghana, Bonoman, south, area

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ghana». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earliest kingdoms, Bonoman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ghana:56
# text = The earliest kingdoms to emerge in Ghana were Bonoman in the south and the Kingdom of Dagbon in the north, with Bonoman existing in the area during the 11th century.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	kingdoms	kingdom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	emerge	emerge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Ghana	Ghana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	Bonoman	Bonoman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	south	south	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Dagbon	Dagbon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Bonoman	Bonoman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
24	existing	exist	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	acl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	during	during	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	11th	11th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **emerge** | to-infinitive | the earliest kingdoms *not said here* |  |  | Ghana |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in ghana=Location |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the earliest kingdoms | Bonoman and the Kingdom of Dagbon and Bonoman |  | the south |  | in the north; the Kingdom of Dagbon *conj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **exist** | gerund | Bonoman *not said here* |  |  | the area | century |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in area=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ghana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ghana/55/)
- next →: [sentence 57](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ghana/57/)
- ↑ back to [Ghana](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Ghana/)