---
title: The Ionian Sea is west of the mainland, Albania northwest, and North… — Greece · tree and pragmatics
description: The Ionian Sea is west of the mainland, Albania northwest, and North Macedonia and Bulgaria north. Who acts: Ionian Sea. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Greece» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Greece, sentence 4

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From Wikipedia, [«Greece»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Ionian Sea is west of the mainland, Albania northwest, and North Macedonia and Bulgaria north.

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**Who acts:** Ionian Sea · **What happens:** be

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Greece». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ionian Sea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Greece:4
# text = The Ionian Sea is west of the mainland, Albania northwest, and North Macedonia and Bulgaria north.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Ionian	Ionian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	west	west	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mainland	mainland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	Albania	Albania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	northwest	northwest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Macedonia	Macedonia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	Bulgaria	Bulgaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	north	north	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Ionian Sea |  |  |  |  | of the mainland and Albania northwest; North Macedonia and Bulgaria *nmod*; Albania northwest *conj*; west *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Greece», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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