---
title: With colonisation underway in other parts of Africa and the Americas… — Guinea-Bissau · tree and pragmatics
description: With colonisation underway in other parts of Africa and the Americas, demand for workers was high and the Europeans sometimes pushed for more captives to be taken. Who acts: colonisation, Europeans. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Guinea-Bissau» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Guinea-Bissau, sentence 45

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From Wikipedia, [«Guinea-Bissau»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissau), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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With colonisation underway in other parts of Africa and the Americas, demand for workers was high and the Europeans sometimes pushed for more captives to be taken.

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**Who acts:** colonisation, Europeans · **What happens:** be, push, take

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Guinea-Bissau». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (colonisation, Europeans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Guinea-Bissau:45
# text = With colonisation underway in other parts of Africa and the Americas, demand for workers was high and the Europeans sometimes pushed for more captives to be taken.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	colonisation	colonisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
3	underway	underway	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	demand	demand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Europeans	European	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
21	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	22	advmod	_	_
22	pushed	push	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	25	amod	_	_
25	captives	captive	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl:agent	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | colonisation |  |  |  |  | demand for workers *nsubj*; high *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **push** | participle | the Europeans |  |  |  |  | more captives *obl:agent*; sometimes *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive · passive | the Europeans *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Guinea-Bissau», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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