---
title: Beginning in 1821, President Jean-Pierre Boyer, also an homme de cou… — Haiti · tree and pragmatics
description: Beginning in 1821, President Jean-Pierre Boyer, also an homme de couleur and successor to Pétion, reunified the island following the suicide of Christophe. Who acts: Jean, island. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Haiti» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Haiti, sentence 119

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From Wikipedia, [«Haiti»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Beginning in 1821, President Jean-Pierre Boyer, also an homme de couleur and successor to Pétion, reunified the island following the suicide of Christophe.

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**Who acts:** Jean, island · **What happens:** begin, reunify, follow · **To what, where:** 1821, island, suicide

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Haiti». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jean, island), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Haiti:119
# text = Beginning in 1821, President Jean-Pierre Boyer, also an homme de couleur and successor to Pétion, reunified the island following the suicide of Christophe.
1	Beginning	begin	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	1821	1821	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:desc	_	_
6	Jean	Jean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Pierre	Pierre	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
9	Boyer	Boyer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	also	also	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	homme	homme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
14	de	de	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	13	flat:foreign	_	_
15	couleur	couleur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	successor	successor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Pétion	Pétion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	reunified	reunify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	acl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	suicide	suicide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Christophe	Christophe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | gerund | Jean  President *not said here* |  |  | 1821 |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **reunify** | past | Jean  President | the island |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **follow** | gerund | the island *not said here* | the suicide of Christophe |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suicide=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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