---
title: Vodou, a religion with West African roots similar to those of Cuba a… — Haiti · tree and pragmatics
description: Vodou, a religion with West African roots similar to those of Cuba and Brazil, is formally practiced by 2.1% of the population; however, it is estimated that 50–80% of Haitians incorporate some elements of Vodou belief or practices into their religion, particularly with Catholicism. A sentence of Wi
---

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# Haiti, sentence 565

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From Wikipedia, [«Haiti»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Vodou, a religion with West African roots similar to those of Cuba and Brazil, is formally practiced by 2.1% of the population; however, it is estimated that 50–80% of Haitians incorporate some elements of Vodou belief or practices into their religion, particularly with Catholicism.

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**What happens:** practice, estimate, incorporate · **To what, where:** Vodou, Conference, elements

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Haiti». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Haiti:565
# text = Vodou, a religion with West African roots similar to those of Cuba and Brazil, is formally practiced by 2.1% of the population; however, it is estimated that 50–80% of Haitians incorporate some elements of Vodou belief or practices into their religion, particularly with Catholicism.
1	Vodou	Vodou	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	West	West	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Cuba	Cuba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
18	formally	formally	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	practiced	practice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	2.1	2.1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	however	however	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	parataxis	_	_
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
33	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	36	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	–	–	SYM	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	35	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	80	80	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Haitians	haitian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	_
39	incorporate	incorporate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	advcl	_	_
40	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	41	det	_	_
41	elements	element	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	Vodou	Vodou	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	compound	_	_
44	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
45	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	practices	practice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	conj	_	_
47	into	into	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
51	particularly	particularly	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
52	with	with	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
53	Catholicism	Catholicism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practice** | present · passive |  | Vodou |  |  |  | with Catholicism; formally *property* | vn rehearse-26.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **estimate** | present · passive |  | Conference |  |  |  | however *property* | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP.value»: subject=Value |
| 3 | **incorporate** | present |  | some elements of Vodou belief or practices |  |  |  | into practices's religion | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent element=Patient into religion=Co-Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Haiti», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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