---
title: Vietnam Past and Present: The North (History and culture of Hanoi an… — Hanoi · tree and pragmatics
description: Vietnam Past and Present: The North (History and culture of Hanoi and Tonkin)". A sentence of Wikipedia's «Hanoi» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Hanoi, sentence 319

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From Wikipedia, [«Hanoi»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanoi), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Vietnam Past and Present: The North (History and culture of Hanoi and Tonkin)".

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**To what, where:** Vietnam Past

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Hanoi». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Hanoi:319
# text = Vietnam Past and Present: The North (History and culture of Hanoi and Tonkin)".
1	Vietnam	Vietnam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Past	Past	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Present	Present	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	History	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Hanoi	Hanoi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	Tonkin	Tonkin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Hanoi», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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