---
title: The city initially boomed under a wave of optimism and investment th… — Harare · tree and pragmatics
description: The city initially boomed under a wave of optimism and investment that followed the country's independence in 1980. Who acts: investment. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Harare» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Harare, sentence 36

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From Wikipedia, [«Harare»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harare), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The city initially boomed under a wave of optimism and investment that followed the country's independence in 1980.

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**Who acts:** investment · **What happens:** boom, follow, wave · **To what, where:** city, wave, independence, 1980, optimism

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Harare». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (investment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Harare:36
# text = The city initially boomed under a wave of optimism and investment that followed the country's independence in 1980.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	initially	initially	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	boomed	boom	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	optimism	optimism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	investment	investment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	1980	1980	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **boom** | participle · passive |  | the city |  | a wave of optimism and investment |  | initially *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **follow** | past | investment | the country's independence |  | 1980 |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent independence=Theme in 1980=Trajectory |
| 3 | **wave** |  |  | optimism |  |  |  |  | nom wave «event transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Harare», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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