--- title: When Finland became the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous state… — Helsinki · tree and pragmatics description: When Finland became the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous state under the rule of the Russian Empire, Helsinki was known as Gel'singfors (Гельсингфорс) in Russian, because the main and official language of the Grand Duchy of Finland was Swedish. Who acts: Finland, Russian Empire, main language. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Helsinki/30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Helsinki](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Helsinki/) / 30 # Helsinki, sentence 30 From Wikipedia, [«Helsinki»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helsinki), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. When Finland became the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous state under the rule of the Russian Empire, Helsinki was known as Gel'singfors (Гельсингфорс) in Russian, because the main and official language of the Grand Duchy of Finland was Swedish. **Who acts:** Finland, Russian Empire, main language · **What happens:** become, know, be, rule · **To what, where:** Helsinki This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Helsinki». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Finland, Russian Empire, main language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Helsinki:30 # text = When Finland became the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous state under the rule of the Russian Empire, Helsinki was known as Gel'singfors (Гельсингфорс) in Russian, because the main and official language of the Grand Duchy of Finland was Swedish. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 Finland Finland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 Grand grand ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 Duchy Duchy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 xcomp _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Finland Finland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 autonomous autonomous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ _ 13 under under ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 rule rule NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 Russian Russian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 Empire Empire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 Helsinki Helsinki PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nsubj:pass _ _ 22 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux:pass _ _ 23 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 acl _ _ 24 as as ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 Gel'singfors Gel'singfor PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 23 obl _ _ 26 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 27 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 27 Гельсингфорс Гельсингфорс PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 27 punct _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Russian Russian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 32 because because SCONJ IN _ 45 mark _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 34 main main ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 official official ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 conj _ _ 37 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 Grand grand ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 Duchy Duchy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 Finland Finland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 nmod _ _ 44 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 45 Swedish Swedish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **become** | past | Finland | | | | | the Grand Duchy of Finland *xcomp* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **know** | past · passive | the Russian Empire *not said here* | Helsinki | | | | as Gel'singfors and Гельсингфорс in Russian | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as gel'singfor=Attribute | | 3 | **is** | past | the main language of the Grand Duchy of Finland | | | | | swedish *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **rule** | | the Russian Empire | | | | | | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Helsinki», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Helsinki/29/) - next →: [sentence 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Helsinki/31/) - ↑ back to [Helsinki](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Helsinki/)