---
title: By 930, most arable land on the island had been claimed; the Althing… — Iceland · tree and pragmatics
description: By 930, most arable land on the island had been claimed; the Althing, a legislative and judicial assembly, was initiated to regulate the Icelandic Commonwealth. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Iceland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Iceland, sentence 42

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From Wikipedia, [«Iceland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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By 930, most arable land on the island had been claimed; the Althing, a legislative and judicial assembly, was initiated to regulate the Icelandic Commonwealth.

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**What happens:** claim, initiate, regulate · **To what, where:** arable land, Althing, Icelandic Commonwealth

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iceland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Iceland:42
# text = By 930, most arable land on the island had been claimed; the Althing, a legislative and judicial assembly, was initiated to regulate the Icelandic Commonwealth.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	930	930	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	arable	arable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	claimed	claim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Althing	Althing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
18	legislative	legislative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	judicial	judicial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	_
21	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	initiated	initiate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	regulate	regulate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	Icelandic	Icelandic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **claim** *speech: other* | past · perfect · passive |  | arable land on the island |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **initiate** | past · passive |  | the Althing and a legislative assembly |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **regulate** | to-infinitive |  | the Icelandic Commonwealth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Iceland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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