---
title: In 1965, after bitter opposition from South India to Hindi becoming… — India · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1965, after bitter opposition from South India to Hindi becoming the sole official language, a compromise was reached to where English would continue to be an "associate official language" indefinitely. Who acts: sole official language, English. A sentence of Wikipedia's «India» with its dependen
---

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# India, sentence 320

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From Wikipedia, [«India»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1965, after bitter opposition from South India to Hindi becoming the sole official language, a compromise was reached to where English would continue to be an "associate official language" indefinitely.

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**Who acts:** sole official language, English · **What happens:** become, reach, continue, be · **To what, where:** sole official language, compromise, associate official language, 1965

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «India». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sole official language, English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:India:320
# text = In 1965, after bitter opposition from South India to Hindi becoming the sole official language, a compromise was reached to where English would continue to be an "associate official language" indefinitely.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1965	1965	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	opposition	opposition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Hindi	Hindi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
12	becoming	become	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	sole	sole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	compromise	compromise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	reached	reach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl:relcl	_	_
22	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	26	advmod	_	_
24	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	continue	continue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	cop	_	_
29	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
30	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	associate	associate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
32	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
35	indefinitely	indefinitely	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | gerund |  | the sole official language |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **reach** | past · passive | the sole official language *not said here* | a compromise |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **continue** | would | English |  |  |  |  | indefinitely *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | a associate official language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «India», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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