---
title: Following his conquest of Kalinga, in which his forces caused immens… — India · tree and pragmatics
description: Following his conquest of Kalinga, in which his forces caused immense loss of life, Ashoka adopted Buddhism, subsequently adopting a policy of dhamma and commissioning numerous rock and pillar edicts throughout the Maurya Empire to promote ethical conduct, non-violence, and social welfare. Who acts:
---

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# India, sentence 67

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From Wikipedia, [«India»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Following his conquest of Kalinga, in which his forces caused immense loss of life, Ashoka adopted Buddhism, subsequently adopting a policy of dhamma and commissioning numerous rock and pillar edicts throughout the Maurya Empire to promote ethical conduct, non-violence, and social welfare.

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**Who acts:** forces, Ashoka · **What happens:** follow, cause, adopt, commission, promote · **To what, where:** immense loss, Buddhism, policy, numerous rock, ethical conduct

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «India». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forces, Ashoka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:India:67
# text = Following his conquest of Kalinga, in which his forces caused immense loss of life, Ashoka adopted Buddhism, subsequently adopting a policy of dhamma and commissioning numerous rock and pillar edicts throughout the Maurya Empire to promote ethical conduct, non-violence, and social welfare.
1	Following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	conquest	conquest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Kalinga	Kalinga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	immense	immense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	Ashoka	Ashoka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	adopted	adopt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
19	Buddhism	Buddhism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	adopting	adopt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	policy	policy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	dhamma	dhamma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	commissioning	commission	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	conj	_	_
29	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	pillar	pillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	edicts	edict	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	conj	_	_
34	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	Maurya	Maurya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	promote	promote	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	advcl	_	_
40	ethical	ethical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
43	non-violence	non-violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
46	social	social	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	welfare	welfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** | past | Empire's forces | immense loss of life |  |  |  | follow Empire's conquest of Kalinga; social welfare *obl*; which *obl* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition loss=Patient |
| 3 | **adopt** | past | Ashoka | Buddhism |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buddhism=Theme |
| 4 | **adopt** | gerund | Ashoka *not said here* | a policy of dhamma |  |  |  | subsequently *property* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent policy=Theme |
| 5 | **commission** | gerund | Ashoka *not said here* | numerous rock and pillar edicts |  |  | throughout the Maurya Empire |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Theme |
| 6 | **promote** | to-infinitive | Ashoka *not said here* | ethical conduct and non-violence |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent conduct=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «India», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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