---
title: Indonesia follows an "independent and active" (bebas aktif) foreign… — Indonesia · tree and pragmatics
description: Indonesia follows an "independent and active" (bebas aktif) foreign policy, a doctrine formulated by Vice President Mohammad Hatta in 1948. Who acts: Indonesia. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Indonesia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Indonesia, sentence 185

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From Wikipedia, [«Indonesia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Indonesia follows an "independent and active" (bebas aktif) foreign policy, a doctrine formulated by Vice President Mohammad Hatta in 1948.

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**Who acts:** Indonesia · **What happens:** follow, formulate · **To what, where:** independent, doctrine, 1948

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Indonesia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indonesia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Indonesia:185
# text = Indonesia follows an "independent and active" (bebas aktif) foreign policy, a doctrine formulated by Vice President Mohammad Hatta in 1948.
1	Indonesia	Indonesia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	bebas	beba	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	compound	_	_
11	aktif	aktif	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
13	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	policy	policy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	formulated	formulate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Vice	vice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod:desc	_	_
22	Mohammad	Mohammad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
23	Hatta	Hatta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	flat	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	1948	1948	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | Indonesia | a independent and bebas aktif and foreign policy and a doctrine |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independent=Theme |
| 2 | **formulate** | participle |  | a doctrine *not said here* |  | 1948 |  | by Vice | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Indonesia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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