---
title: The Act of Free Choice in 1969 formalised Indonesian rule in western… — Indonesia · tree and pragmatics
description: The Act of Free Choice in 1969 formalised Indonesian rule in western New Guinea but this was opposed by many Papuans, and armed resistance has continued since then. Who acts: Act, many Papuans, Free Choice. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Indonesia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Indonesia, sentence 90

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From Wikipedia, [«Indonesia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Act of Free Choice in 1969 formalised Indonesian rule in western New Guinea but this was opposed by many Papuans, and armed resistance has continued since then.

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**Who acts:** Act, many Papuans, Free Choice · **What happens:** formalis, oppose, continue, act · **To what, where:** Indonesian rule, western New Guinea, this, armed resistance

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Indonesia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Act, many Papuans, Free Choice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Indonesia:90
# text = The Act of Free Choice in 1969 formalised Indonesian rule in western New Guinea but this was opposed by many Papuans, and armed resistance has continued since then.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Choice	choice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1969	1969	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	_
8	formalised	formalis	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Indonesian	indonesian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Guinea	Guinea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	opposed	oppose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	Papuans	Papuan	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	armed	armed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	resistance	resistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	continued	continue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
28	since	since	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **formalis** | past | the Act of Free Choice in 1969 | Indonesian rule |  | western New Guinea |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **oppose** | past · passive | many Papuans | this |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 3 | **continue** | present · perfect · passive |  | armed resistance |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **act** |  | Free Choice in 1969 |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Indonesia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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