---
title: However, his military spending had a ruinous effect on the Iranian e… — Iran · tree and pragmatics
description: However, his military spending had a ruinous effect on the Iranian economy. Who acts: military spending, Alexander. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Iran» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Iran, sentence 134

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From Wikipedia, [«Iran»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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However, his military spending had a ruinous effect on the Iranian economy.

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**Who acts:** military spending, Alexander · **What happens:** have, spend · **To what, where:** ruinous effect, Iranian economy

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iran». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (military spending, Alexander), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Iran:134
# text = However, his military spending had a ruinous effect on the Iranian economy.
1	However	however	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	military	military	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	spending	spending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	ruinous	ruinous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Iranian	Iranian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Alexander's military spending | a ruinous effect |  | the Iranian economy |  | however *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Patient |
| 2 | **spend** |  | Alexander |  |  |  |  |  | nom spending «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Iran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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