---
title: There are several types of courts, including public courts that deal… — Iran · tree and pragmatics
description: There are several types of courts, including public courts that deal with civil and criminal cases, and revolutionary courts, which deal with certain offenses, such as crimes against national security. Who acts: several types, public courts, revolutionary courts. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Iran» wit
---

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# Iran, sentence 331

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From Wikipedia, [«Iran»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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There are several types of courts, including public courts that deal with civil and criminal cases, and revolutionary courts, which deal with certain offenses, such as crimes against national security.

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**Who acts:** several types, public courts, revolutionary courts · **What happens:** be, deal, type · **To what, where:** revolutionary courts, courts

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iran». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (several types, public courts, revolutionary courts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Iran:331
# text = There are several types of courts, including public courts that deal with civil and criminal cases, and revolutionary courts, which deal with certain offenses, such as crimes against national security.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	types	type	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	including	including	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	deal	deal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	civil	civil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	criminal	criminal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	_
17	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	revolutionary	revolutionary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
24	deal	deal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	offenses	offense	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	31	case	_	_
30	as	as	ADP	IN	_	29	fixed	_	_
31	crimes	crime	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	appos	_	_
32	against	against	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	security	security	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | several types of courts and public courts | revolutionary courts |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **deal** | present | public courts |  |  |  |  | with civil cases | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with case=Theme |
| 3 | **deal** | present | revolutionary courts |  |  |  |  | with certain offenses | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with offense=Theme |
| 4 | **type** |  |  | courts and public courts |  |  |  |  | nom type «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Iran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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