---
title: The Iranian retail industry is largely in the hands of cooperatives,… — Iran · tree and pragmatics
description: The Iranian retail industry is largely in the hands of cooperatives, many of them government-sponsored, and of independent retailers in the bazaars. Who acts: Iranian retail industry, many. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Iran» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Iran, sentence 492

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From Wikipedia, [«Iran»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Iranian retail industry is largely in the hands of cooperatives, many of them government-sponsored, and of independent retailers in the bazaars.

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**Who acts:** Iranian retail industry, many · **What happens:** be, sponsor · **To what, where:** hands

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iran». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iranian retail industry, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Iran:492
# text = The Iranian retail industry is largely in the hands of cooperatives, many of them government-sponsored, and of independent retailers in the bazaars.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Iranian	Iranian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	retail	retail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	industry	industry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	largely	largely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	cooperatives	cooperative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	_
16	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	sponsored	sponsor	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	retailers	retailer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	bazaars	bazaar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Iranian retail industry |  |  | the hands |  | of cooperatives; largely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sponsor** | participle | many of cooperatives | the hands *not said here* |  |  |  | of independent retailers in the bazaars; government *compound* | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Iran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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