---
title: Arabic and Kurdish are the official languages of Iraq, while Assyria… — Iraq · tree and pragmatics
description: Arabic and Kurdish are the official languages of Iraq, while Assyrian (Suret), Turkmen and Mandaic are spoken regionally. Who acts: Arabic. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Iraq» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Iraq, sentence 21

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From Wikipedia, [«Iraq»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Arabic and Kurdish are the official languages of Iraq, while Assyrian (Suret), Turkmen and Mandaic are spoken regionally.

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**Who acts:** Arabic · **What happens:** be, speak · **To what, where:** official languages · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iraq». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arabic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Iraq:21
# text = Arabic and Kurdish are the official languages of Iraq, while Assyrian (Suret), Turkmen and Mandaic are spoken regionally.
1	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Kurdish	Kurdish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Iraq	Iraq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	Assyrian	Assyrian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Suret	Suret	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Turkmen	Turkmen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	Mandaic	Mandaic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
22	regionally	regionally	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Arabic and Kurdish | the official languages |  |  |  | of Iraq; Assyrian and Turkmen and Mandaic *parataxis* | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | the official languages |  |  |  | regionally *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Iraq», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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- ← previous: [sentence 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Iraq/20/)
- next →: [sentence 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Iraq/22/)
- ↑ back to [Iraq](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Iraq/)