---
title: The north of the country is mostly composed of mountains; the highes… — Iraq · tree and pragmatics
description: The north of the country is mostly composed of mountains; the highest point being at 3611 m. Iraq is home to seven terrestrial ecoregions: Zagros Mountains forest steppe, Middle East steppe, Mesopotamian Marshes, Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests, Arabian Desert, Mesopot
---

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# Iraq, sentence 243

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From Wikipedia, [«Iraq»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The north of the country is mostly composed of mountains; the highest point being at 3611 m. Iraq is home to seven terrestrial ecoregions: Zagros Mountains forest steppe, Middle East steppe, Mesopotamian Marshes, Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests, Arabian Desert, Mesopotamian shrub desert, and South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert.

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**Who acts:** highest point, Mesopotamian Marshes · **What happens:** compose, be, forest · **To what, where:** north, Arabian Desert

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iraq». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (highest point, Mesopotamian Marshes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Iraq:243
# text = The north of the country is mostly composed of mountains; the highest point being at 3611 m. Iraq is home to seven terrestrial ecoregions: Zagros Mountains forest steppe, Middle East steppe, Mesopotamian Marshes, Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests, Arabian Desert, Mesopotamian shrub desert, and South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	14	amod	_	_
14	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
15	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	acl	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	3611	3611	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
18	m.	M.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Iraq	Iraq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod:unmarked	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
21	home	home	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
24	terrestrial	terrestrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	ecoregions	ecoregion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
27	Zagros	Zagros	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	Mountains	Mountain	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	30	compound	_	_
29	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	steppe	steppe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	steppe	steppe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	Mesopotamian	Mesopotamian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	Marshes	Marshes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	Eastern	Eastern	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	_
41	conifer	conifer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	sclerophyllous	sclerophyllous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	broadleaf	broadleaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
48	Arabian	Arabian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	Desert	Desert	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
51	Mesopotamian	mesopotamian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
52	shrub	shrub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	compound	_	_
53	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
56	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	57	compound	_	_
57	Iran	Iran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
58	Nubo	Nubo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	57	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	-	-	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	Sindian	sindian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
61	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	appos	_	_
62	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	63	cc	_	_
63	semi-desert	semi-desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compose** | present · passive |  | the north of the country |  |  |  | of mountains; mostly *property* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **is** | present | the highest point |  |  |  |  | to seven terrestrial ecoregions and Mountains forest steppe and East steppe; South Iran *nmod*; Mountains forest steppe and East steppe *conj*; home *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **forest** |  | Mesopotamian Marshes and Eastern Mediterranean | Arabian Desert |  |  |  | Mesopotamian shrub desert *conj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Iraq», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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