---
title: In southern Iraq, there is a community of Iraqis of African descent,… — Iraq · tree and pragmatics
description: In southern Iraq, there is a community of Iraqis of African descent, a legacy of the slavery practised in the Islamic Caliphate beginning before the Zanj Rebellion of the 9th century, and Basra's role as a key port. Who acts: community, Islamic Caliphate. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Iraq» with its de
---

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# Iraq, sentence 470

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From Wikipedia, [«Iraq»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In southern Iraq, there is a community of Iraqis of African descent, a legacy of the slavery practised in the Islamic Caliphate beginning before the Zanj Rebellion of the 9th century, and Basra's role as a key port.

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**Who acts:** community, Islamic Caliphate · **What happens:** be, practise, begin · **To what, where:** southern Iraq, slavery, Islamic Caliphate

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Iraq». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (community, Islamic Caliphate), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Iraq:470
# text = In southern Iraq, there is a community of Iraqis of African descent, a legacy of the slavery practised in the Islamic Caliphate beginning before the Zanj Rebellion of the 9th century, and Basra's role as a key port.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Iraq	Iraq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Iraqis	Iraqi	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	descent	descent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	legacy	legacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	slavery	slavery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	practised	practise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	Islamic	Islamic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	Caliphate	caliphate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
25	beginning	begin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	acl	_	_
26	before	before	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	Zanj	Zanj	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	Rebellion	Rebellion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	9th	9th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	Basra	Basra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	's	's	PART	POS	_	36	case	_	_
38	role	role	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
39	as	as	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
41	key	key	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	port	port	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a community of Iraqis of African descent |  |  | southern Iraq; there |  | Basra's role as a key port *conj* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in iraq=Location |
| 2 | **practise** | participle |  | the slavery *not said here* |  | the Islamic Caliphate |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **begin** | gerund | the Islamic Caliphate *not said here* |  |  |  | before the Zanj Rebellion of the 9th century |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Iraq», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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