---
title: Extinct species include the Irish elk, the great auk, brown bear and… — Ireland · tree and pragmatics
description: Extinct species include the Irish elk, the great auk, brown bear and the wolf. Who acts: Extinct species. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ireland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Ireland, sentence 314

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From Wikipedia, [«Ireland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Extinct species include the Irish elk, the great auk, brown bear and the wolf.

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**Who acts:** Extinct species · **What happens:** include · **To what, where:** Irish elk

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Extinct species), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ireland:314
# text = Extinct species include the Irish elk, the great auk, brown bear and the wolf.
1	Extinct	extinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	elk	elk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	auk	auk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | Extinct species | the Irish elk and the great auk and brown bear and the wolf |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent elk=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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