---
title: The earliest known Irish graphic art and sculpture are Neolithic car… — Ireland · tree and pragmatics
description: The earliest known Irish graphic art and sculpture are Neolithic carvings found at sites such as Newgrange and is traced through Bronze Age artefacts and the religious carvings and illuminated manuscripts of the medieval period. Who acts: earliest known Irish graphic art. A sentence of Wikipedia's «
---

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# Ireland, sentence 461

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From Wikipedia, [«Ireland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The earliest known Irish graphic art and sculpture are Neolithic carvings found at sites such as Newgrange and is traced through Bronze Age artefacts and the religious carvings and illuminated manuscripts of the medieval period.

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**Who acts:** earliest known Irish graphic art · **What happens:** know, be, find, trace, illuminate · **To what, where:** Neolithic carvings, sites, Age artefacts

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ireland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earliest known Irish graphic art), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ireland:461
# text = The earliest known Irish graphic art and sculpture are Neolithic carvings found at sites such as Newgrange and is traced through Bronze Age artefacts and the religious carvings and illuminated manuscripts of the medieval period.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	earliest	early	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
3	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
4	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	graphic	graphic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sculpture	sculpture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	Neolithic	neolithic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	carvings	carving	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
12	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	sites	site	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
15	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	Newgrange	Newgrange	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	traced	trace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
21	through	through	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	Bronze	Bronze	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	Age	Age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	artefacts	artefact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	carvings	carving	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	amod	_	_
31	manuscripts	manuscript	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	medieval	medieval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the earliest known Irish graphic art and sculpture | Neolithic carvings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | participle |  | Neolithic carvings *not said here* |  | sites such Newgrange |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **trace** | present · passive |  |  |  | Age artefacts and the religious carvings and illuminated manuscripts of the medieval period |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP» |
| 5 | **illuminate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ireland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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