---
title: Due to mass immigration from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia (s… — Israel · tree and pragmatics
description: Due to mass immigration from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia (some 130,000 Ethiopian Jews live in Israel), Russian and Amharic are widely spoken. Who acts: Ethiopian Jews. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Israel» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Israel, sentence 585

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From Wikipedia, [«Israel»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Due to mass immigration from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia (some 130,000 Ethiopian Jews live in Israel), Russian and Amharic are widely spoken.

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**Who acts:** Ethiopian Jews · **What happens:** mass, live, speak · **To what, where:** immigration, former Soviet Union, Israel, Amharic · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Israel». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ethiopian Jews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Israel:585
# text = Due to mass immigration from the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia (some 130,000 Ethiopian Jews live in Israel), Russian and Amharic are widely spoken.
1	Due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	mass	mass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	immigration	immigration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	Soviet	Soviet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	Ethiopia	Ethiopia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	advmod	_	_
14	130,000	130,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	appos	_	_
15	Ethiopian	Ethiopian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	Amharic	Amharic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
26	widely	widely	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mass** | to-infinitive |  | immigration |  | the former Soviet Union and Ethiopia |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent immigration=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | present | Ethiopian Jews |  |  | Israel |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in israel=Location |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | Amharic |  |  |  | widely *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Israel», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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