---
title: It influenced the history of gardening, especially French and Englis… — Italy · tree and pragmatics
description: It influenced the history of gardening, especially French and English gardens. Who acts: geometry. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Italy» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Italy, sentence 253

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From Wikipedia, [«Italy»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It influenced the history of gardening, especially French and English gardens.

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**Who acts:** geometry · **What happens:** influence · **To what, where:** history

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (geometry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Italy:253
# text = It influenced the history of gardening, especially French and English gardens.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	influenced	influence	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	gardening	gardening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	gardens	garden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **influence** | past | geometry | the history of gardening |  |  |  | French gardens *obl* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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