---
title: In 2021, Italy had about 5.2 million foreign residents, making up 9%… — Italy · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2021, Italy had about 5.2 million foreign residents, making up 9% of the population. Who acts: Italy. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Italy» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Italy, sentence 470

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From Wikipedia, [«Italy»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2021, Italy had about 5.2 million foreign residents, making up 9% of the population.

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**Who acts:** Italy · **What happens:** have, make up · **To what, where:** million foreign residents, 2021

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Italy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Italy:470
# text = In 2021, Italy had about 5.2 million foreign residents, making up 9% of the population.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2021	2021	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	about	about	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	5.2	5.2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	compound	_	_
8	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
9	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	residents	resident	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Italy | million foreign residents |  | 2021 |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent resident=Patient |
| 2 | **make up** | gerund | Italy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme %=Pivot |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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