---
title: In coastal and southern areas, maritime republics dominated the Medi… — Italy · tree and pragmatics
description: In coastal and southern areas, maritime republics dominated the Mediterranean and monopolised trade to the Orient. Who acts: maritime republics. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Italy» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Italy, sentence 79

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From Wikipedia, [«Italy»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In coastal and southern areas, maritime republics dominated the Mediterranean and monopolised trade to the Orient.

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**Who acts:** maritime republics · **What happens:** dominate, monopolis · **To what, where:** Mediterranean, coastal areas, trade

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Italy». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (maritime republics), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Italy:79
# text = In coastal and southern areas, maritime republics dominated the Mediterranean and monopolised trade to the Orient.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	coastal	coastal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	maritime	maritime	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	republics	republic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	dominated	dominate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	monopolised	monopolis	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Orient	orient	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dominate** | past | maritime republics | the Mediterranean |  | coastal areas |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mediterranean=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **monopolis** | past | maritime republics *not said here* | trade |  |  |  | to the Orient | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Italy», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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