---
title: After the decline of Ghana, the Mali Empire grew into a powerful Mus… — Ivory Coast · tree and pragmatics
description: After the decline of Ghana, the Mali Empire grew into a powerful Muslim state, which reached its apogee in the early part of the 14th century. Who acts: Mali Empire, powerful Muslim state, Ghana. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ivory Coast» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Ivory Coast, sentence 53

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From Wikipedia, [«Ivory Coast»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coast), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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After the decline of Ghana, the Mali Empire grew into a powerful Muslim state, which reached its apogee in the early part of the 14th century.

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**Who acts:** Mali Empire, powerful Muslim state, Ghana · **What happens:** grow, reach, decline · **To what, where:** powerful Muslim state, apogee, early part

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ivory Coast». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mali Empire, powerful Muslim state, Ghana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ivory_Coast:53
# text = After the decline of Ghana, the Mali Empire grew into a powerful Muslim state, which reached its apogee in the early part of the 14th century.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	decline	decline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ghana	Ghana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Mali	Mali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	powerful	powerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	Muslim	Muslim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	apogee	apogee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	14th	14th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	28	amod	_	_
28	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the Mali Empire |  |  |  | after the decline of Ghana | into a powerful Muslim state *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into state=Result |
| 2 | **reach** | past | a powerful Muslim state | Empire's apogee |  | the early part of the 14th century |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent apogee=Theme |
| 3 | **decline** |  | Ghana |  |  |  |  |  | nom decline «process intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ivory Coast», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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