---
title: As the host and signatory of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, Japan is under… — Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: As the host and signatory of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change. Who acts: Japan, obligation. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Japan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Japan, sentence 143

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From Wikipedia, [«Japan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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As the host and signatory of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change.

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**Who acts:** Japan, obligation · **What happens:** be, reduce, take, curb, emit · **To what, where:** treaty obligation, dioxide emissions, other steps, climate change

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Japan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Japan, obligation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Japan:143
# text = As the host and signatory of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	signatory	signatory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	1997	1997	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
9	Kyoto	Kyoto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Protocol	Protocol	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	treaty	treaty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	obligation	obligation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
20	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	emissions	emission	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
26	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	curb	curb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	advcl	_	_
30	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Japan |  |  | treaty obligation |  | as the host and signatory of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol | tree rules |
| 2 | **reduce** | to-infinitive |  | obligation's dioxide emissions |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer emission=Patient |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive |  | other steps |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Theme |
| 4 | **curb** | to-infinitive |  | climate change |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent change=Patient |
| 5 | **emit** |  | obligation |  |  |  |  |  | nom emission «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Japan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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