---
title: The native population of Kabul primarily speaks Persian, locally ref… — Kabul · tree and pragmatics
description: The native population of Kabul primarily speaks Persian, locally referred to as Persian Dari, using regional Dari dialects with a distinctive Kabuli accent. Who acts: native population. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kabul» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kabul, sentence 4

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From Wikipedia, [«Kabul»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabul), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The native population of Kabul primarily speaks Persian, locally referred to as Persian Dari, using regional Dari dialects with a distinctive Kabuli accent.

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**Who acts:** native population · **What happens:** speak, refer, use · **To what, where:** Persian, regional Dari dialects · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kabul». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (native population), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kabul:4
# text = The native population of Kabul primarily speaks Persian, locally referred to as Persian Dari, using regional Dari dialects with a distinctive Kabuli accent.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Kabul	Kabul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	primarily	primarily	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	speaks	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	Persian	Persian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	locally	locally	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	referred	refer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	obl	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Persian	Persian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl:agent	_	_
15	Dari	Dari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
18	regional	regional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	Dari	Dari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	dialects	dialect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	Kabuli	Kabuli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	accent	accent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | the native population of Kabul | Persian |  |  |  | primarily *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **refer** | participle | the native population of Kabul *not said here* |  |  |  |  | Persian *obl:agent*; locally *property* | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | gerund | the native population of Kabul *not said here* | regional Dari dialects |  |  |  | with a distinctive Kabuli accent | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dialect=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kabul», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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