---
title: This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Ad… — Kathmandu · tree and pragmatics
description: This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankara who sought to unify the states of Bhāratam, a region in south Asia believed to be ruled by a mythological king Bharata, by encouraging cultural exchange. Who acts: request, region, mythological king. A sentence of Wikiped
---

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# Kathmandu, sentence 308

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From Wikipedia, [«Kathmandu»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathmandu), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankara who sought to unify the states of Bhāratam, a region in south Asia believed to be ruled by a mythological king Bharata, by encouraging cultural exchange.

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**Who acts:** request, region, mythological king · **What happens:** believe, start, seek, unify, rule, encourage · **To what, where:** tradition, request, states, cultural exchange, Adi

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kathmandu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (request, region, mythological king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kathmandu:308
# text = This tradition is believed to have been started at the request of Adi Shankara who sought to unify the states of Bhāratam, a region in south Asia believed to be ruled by a mythological king Bharata, by encouraging cultural exchange.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	tradition	tradition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	believed	believe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux	_	_
7	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	started	start	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Adi	Adi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	Shankara	Shankara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	sought	seek	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	unify	unify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Bhāratam	Bhāratam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	south	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	ruled	rule	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	xcomp	_	_
33	by	by	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	mythological	mythological	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
37	Bharata	Bharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
40	encouraging	encourage	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	advcl	_	_
41	cultural	cultural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	exchange	exchange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present · passive |  | this tradition |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **start** | to-infinitive · perfect · passive |  |  |  | the request of Adi |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V» |
| 3 | **seek** | past | the request of Adi |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **unify** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the request of Adi *not said here* | the states of Bhāratam |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent state=Patient |
| 5 | **believe** | past | a region in south Asia |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 6 | **rule** | to-infinitive · passive | a mythological king |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **encourage** | gerund | a region in south Asia *not said here* | cultural exchange |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exchange=Theme |
| 8 | **request** |  |  | Adi |  |  |  |  | nom request «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kathmandu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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