---
title: Major cities include Almaty, Astana, Shymkent, Aktöbe and Karagandy. — Kazakhstan · tree and pragmatics
description: Major cities include Almaty, Astana, Shymkent, Aktöbe and Karagandy. Who acts: Major cities. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kazakhstan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kazakhstan/263/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Kazakhstan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kazakhstan/) / 263

# Kazakhstan, sentence 263

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«Kazakhstan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Major cities include Almaty, Astana, Shymkent, Aktöbe and Karagandy.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Major cities · **What happens:** include · **To what, where:** Almaty

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kazakhstan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Major cities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kazakhstan:263
# text = Major cities include Almaty, Astana, Shymkent, Aktöbe and Karagandy.
1	Major	major	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Almaty	Almaty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Astana	Astana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Shymkent	Shymkent	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Aktöbe	Aktöbe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Karagandy	Karagandy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | Major cities | Almaty and Shymkent and Aktöbe and Karagandy |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent almaty=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kazakhstan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 262](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kazakhstan/262/)
- next →: [sentence 264](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kazakhstan/264/)
- ↑ back to [Kazakhstan](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kazakhstan/)