---
title: Public debt increased to 13.4% in 2013 from 8.7% in 2008. — Kazakhstan · tree and pragmatics
description: Public debt increased to 13.4% in 2013 from 8.7% in 2008. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kazakhstan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kazakhstan, sentence 457

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From Wikipedia, [«Kazakhstan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Public debt increased to 13.4% in 2013 from 8.7% in 2008.

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**What happens:** increase · **To what, where:** Public debt

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kazakhstan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kazakhstan:457
# text = Public debt increased to 13.4% in 2013 from 8.7% in 2008.
1	Public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	increased	increase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	13.4	13.4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	2013	2013	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	8.7	8.7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	2008	2008	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | participle |  | Public debt *not said here* |  |  |  | in 2013 | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute PP.extent PP.initial\_state PP.result»: agent=Patient to %=Result in 2013=Attribute from %=Intial\_State |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kazakhstan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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