---
title: In 1414, the Chinese trader and explorer Zheng He, representing the… — Kenya · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1414, the Chinese trader and explorer Zheng He, representing the Ming dynasty, visited the East African coast on one of his last 'treasure voyages'. Who acts: trader Zheng, Malindi. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kenya» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kenya, sentence 85

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From Wikipedia, [«Kenya»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1414, the Chinese trader and explorer Zheng He, representing the Ming dynasty, visited the East African coast on one of his last 'treasure voyages'.

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**Who acts:** trader Zheng, Malindi · **What happens:** represent, visit, voyage · **To what, where:** Ming dynasty, East African coast, 1414

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kenya». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trader Zheng, Malindi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kenya:85
# text = In 1414, the Chinese trader and explorer Zheng He, representing the Ming dynasty, visited the East African coast on one of his last 'treasure voyages'.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1414	1414	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trader	trader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	explorer	explorer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	Zheng	Zheng	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
10	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	representing	represent	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Ming	Ming	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
17	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
20	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
26	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
27	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	treasure	treasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	voyages	voyage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **represent** | gerund | trader Zheng *not said here* | the Ming dynasty |  |  |  |  | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot dynasty=Theme |
| 2 | **visit** | past | trader Zheng | the East African coast |  | 1414 |  | on one of Malindi's last treasure voyages | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coast=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **voyage** |  | Malindi |  |  |  |  |  | nom voyage «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kenya», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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