---
title: The World Bank estimates that services contributed 53 per cent of GD… — Kigali · tree and pragmatics
description: The World Bank estimates that services contributed 53 per cent of GDP in 2014, while a 2012 study by Surbana International Consultants put the figure at almost 62 per cent. Who acts: World Bank, services, 2012 study, International Consultants. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kigali» with its dependency t
---

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# Kigali, sentence 166

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From Wikipedia, [«Kigali»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigali), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The World Bank estimates that services contributed 53 per cent of GDP in 2014, while a 2012 study by Surbana International Consultants put the figure at almost 62 per cent.

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**Who acts:** World Bank, services, 2012 study, International Consultants · **What happens:** estimate, contribute, put, study · **To what, where:** 53 per cent, 2014, figure, 62 per cent

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kigali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (World Bank, services, 2012 study, International Consultants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kigali:166
# text = The World Bank estimates that services contributed 53 per cent of GDP in 2014, while a 2012 study by Surbana International Consultants put the figure at almost 62 per cent.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Bank	Bank	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	estimates	estimate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	contributed	contribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	53	53	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
9	per	per	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	cent	cent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	GDP	GDP	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
16	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	2012	2012	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	compound	_	_
19	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	Surbana	Surbana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	International	International	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	Consultants	consultant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	_
24	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
28	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	62	62	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	nummod	_	_
30	per	per	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	cent	cent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **estimate** | present | the World Bank |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Value |
| 2 | **contribute** | past | services | 53 per cent of GDP |  | 2014 |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent cent=Theme |
| 3 | **put** | past | a 2012 study by International Consultants | the figure |  | 62 per cent |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent figure=Theme at cent=Destination |
| 4 | **study** |  | International Consultants |  |  |  |  |  | nom study «act transitive»: by=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kigali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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