---
title: The RPF resumed fighting, ending a cease-fire of more than a year. — Kigali · tree and pragmatics
description: The RPF resumed fighting, ending a cease-fire of more than a year. Who acts: RPF. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kigali» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kigali, sentence 17

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From Wikipedia, [«Kigali»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigali), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The RPF resumed fighting, ending a cease-fire of more than a year.

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**Who acts:** RPF · **What happens:** resume, fight, end, fire · **To what, where:** cease fire, year

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kigali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (RPF), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kigali:17
# text = The RPF resumed fighting, ending a cease-fire of more than a year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	RPF	RPF	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	resumed	resume	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	ending	end	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	cease	cease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	15	advmod	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **resume** | past | the RPF |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **fight** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **end** | gerund |  | a cease fire of a year |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality fire=Eventuality |
| 4 | **fire** |  |  | a year |  |  |  |  | nom fire «event transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kigali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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